Time After Childhood And Maturation - 1990 Words

Moment in Between â€Å"in Just-† by E.E Cummings articulates the period between childhood and maturation. Similar to the title, the poem focuses on the period of time after childhood and before puberty. The theme, natural and unstoppable process of growing up, is centralized throughout the poem. Cummings uses an amount of various literally techniques to help get his point across such as; importance of setting, diction, tone, pace, allusion, symbolism, and structure. Overall the poem creates the difficult, but relatable reality many children had to face growing out of their childhood. It is hinted to the reader that the poem takes place in a park or a playground after the last memory of winter melts away. The park helps create a sense of†¦show more content†¦The puddles left behind by the snow correlates to the children leaving their childhood but its mark is still visible. The importance of the children in the park helps to express that childhood is still present in the children but is quickly fading away. By the children playing in the park it creates the significance of the children getting the last few reminders of their innocence before it completely melts away. The description of the Balloon man varies as the poem progresses. In line 4 he is described as â€Å"lame† this expresses the children’s point of view, they view him as old and disabled. The children see him in such a light because at this point they are still enjoying their childhood and growing old as an elder seems so far away and inconceivable to them they see the Balloon man weaker than what he actually might be. The thought of the Balloon man changes when he is described as â€Å"queer† at this point of time the children are starting to experience their awakenings and it’s weird and odd to them (line 11). In the first three stanzas happier words are used to display the children’s excitement about growing up. The description of the puddles lef t over by the snow are combined with lighter and positive words, â€Å"mud-luscious† and â€Å"puddle-wonderful† portrays how excited the children are at growing up—at first (lines 2-3 and 10). As the poem progresses less words are used. The progression of simpler words expresses the hesitation of the children.

Extreme Poverty in Japan - 1501 Words

Introduction Friday 20 February 2012, Saitama, Japan: three members of the same family are found dead in their apartment building in Saitama, north of Tokyo. The victims were found decomposed lying on futons together with the carcass of their pet cat. The fridge was found empty and one-yen coin seemed to be the only money they possessed. The victims were an elderly couple in there 60s and their son, thought to be in his 30s. The cause of death of the family is unknown, however officials believe they either died of starvation of committed suicide. According to the health ministry 700 people have died of starvation since 2000. Japan enjoys one of the highest standards of living in the world. How can a family die unnoticed of poverty†¦show more content†¦Secondly about half of the increase in poverty rate is because of the increase in single-person households, in Japan about 7% of the working class population lives alone. However looking at the OECD of 11%, this percentage of people living alone is still quite low. Imagine Japan’s poverty rate if its proportion of single households were the same as the OECD average. Also Japan is not the only country with an ageing population, so what are the reasons underneath the numbers that Japan’s poverty rate is rising? First, unemployment is an obvious cause of poverty. Since the number of people who are unemployed has risen, the number of people living in poverty has also increased. In the 1990s Japan’s economic bubble burst and the economy contracted, because of this economic recession a lot of people became unemployed. This period has become known as the Lost Decade. The Lost Decade is the time between the burst of the Japanese economic bubble up until 2000. Sometimes the decade from 2001 to 2010 is also included. Although the economy recovered in the 2000s the employment levels have still fallen compared to the 80s. Another result of the Lost Decade is an increase in people with temporary jobs. The large companies in Japan replaced the jobs that used to be for life with non-traditional jobs. These jobs have lower wages and fewer benefits than regular jobs. The increase of people with non-regular jobs leads to the rise in poverty. The company’s attitude towards regularShow MoreRelatedObjectives Of The Millennium Development Goals1148 Words   |  5 Pagesachieve the goals that are to reduce poverty, focus on health, improved education, and the protection of environment. Also, there are 8 goals that have specific targets and dates for achieving those targets. In this essay, the first development goal, ‘To eradicate extreme poverty and hungry’ is going to be discussed and evaluate this economic issue in Eastern Asia. 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Dower shows great interest in the impact of a critical unconditional surrender and the transformation of culture, economy, and policy that came with America’s military occupation and its unabashed democratizing agenda. Through the book, Dower â€Å"tried to capture a sense of what it meant to start overRead MorePoverty: Causes of a Global Phenomenon776 Words   |  3 Pages Poverty: Causes of a global phenomenon Overall, world poverty rates continue to stagnate, despite much-heralded growth in China and India. Today the annual median per capita income in developing countries is $3,000, a figure that indicates only modest progress since 1975, when the median income level was about $2,500. Over this same time period, median per capita income in developed countries increased from about $15,000 to more than $25,000 (Poverty reduction and growth: Virtuous and vicious

Cairn Energy Strategic Analysis Free Essays

INTRODUCTION Cairn Energy Plc (â€Å"Cairn†) is an Edinburgh based publicly traded Oil Gas Exploratory Production (EP) company dealing primarily within its operated assets in India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Greenland (Cairn, 2009). Major products sold are crude oil and natural gas, produced from both offshore and onshore drilling blocks (Hoovers, 2009b). Cairn was founded in 1984 by Sir Bill Gammell with initial operations in theUS. We will write a custom essay sample on Cairn Energy Strategic Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Following its IPO in 1988, Cairn is now publicly traded on the London Stock Exchange with 2008 revenues of $299.3 million and operating profit of $440.9 million – due to sales of assets and financing profit (Cairn, 2009). BUSINESS SEGMENTS Cairn’s businesses are divided broadly into two segments namely: Cairn Energy Plc holds a controlling interest of 62.39% in Cairn India. Since its first oil major oil discovery in the Rajasthan fields of 2004, which was the biggest exploratory discovery in India since 1985, Cairn has focused exclusively on the acquisition of oil blocks and continuing exploration in the country (Cairn Financial Report, 2009). Capricorn Oil Group is Cairn’s exploratory division that primarily focuses on the exploration of undiscovered oil fields, and is 90% owned by Cairn. Capricorn’s primary focus is on India and the discovery of new oil fields in the country. However Capricorn currently owns exploratory lease-agreements to 7 oil-blocks in Greenland, which are currently pending regulatory approval for oil production (Cairn Financial Report, 2009). PESTEL The following table is a macro economical analysis of how political, economical, socio-cultural, technological, environmental and legal factors affect the exploration and production (EP) industry. The extent to which these factors affect the EP industry is outlined on a cognitive rating scale from -2 to +2. -2 represents a strong negative effect, while +2 represents a strong positive effect on the EP industry operating within those regions. FACTORSEFFECT ON INDUSTRYLEVEL OF EFFECT Political Governments of oil producing nations are very involved in the exploration and production of oil and gas in their countries (Bindemann, 1999)EP companies would have to subject themselves to government processes in order to gain access to production sharing agreements that enables them to explore and produce oil within their territory (Cairn, 2009)-1 Geopolitical developments and violence in some countries makes it unsuitable and very risky for foreign investments in exploration and production of oil and gas.The industry is subject to risky geopolitical violence, as oil installations are usually terrorist targets (Cairn, 2009). Companies have to pay high insurance premiums in order to secure their investments against such activities.-2 Economical There is increasing competition amongst international governments seeking foreign investments in EP.These industries, especially foreign oil companies, enjoy tax breaks and favourable corporate conditions such as incentives when looking to enter into countries such as India, Nigeria and Bangladesh (Rigzone, 2009)+2 Oil prices are determined by market factors such as the demand and supply in international markets (Proactive Investors, 2009).Inability to determine prices, poses a severe risk especially in times of low oil prices. Higher oil prices however results in greater than normal profits in the EP markets (Cairn, 2009). EP companies posted record profits in 2008 due to oil prices that went as high as $150 per barrel. However the inverse would be the case in the advent of a very low oil price (WSJ, 2009)-1 Socio-Cultural Climate change discoveries have led to a change in lifestyle towards carbon efficient products in most developed countries (Hoovers, 2009)The change in lifestyle indirectly affects EP companies as it may reduce dependence on oil and gas products over the long run.-1 CSR is increasingly becoming a method for large national and multinational companies to appease local communities where they operate (Cairn, 2009).EP companies are not as effective in their CSR policies, in proportion with the level of pollution they create. They are greatly unpopular amongst locals.-2 Technological Innovative exploratory and drilling technology, such as 3d seismic processing, modelling and sophisticated plant designs are increasingly becoming pre-requisites for successful oil drilling (Saic, 2009).These technologies make it easier for EP companies to discover much more oil than they would have decades ago. Thereby increasing the likelihood of oil find, and higher returns on investment in exploration activities (Marketwatch, 2009).+2 Shifting attitude towards energy efficient technologies such as hybrid vehicles, electric and wind technologies are increasingly becoming the norm amongst the global public and the energy industry (Chicago Tribune, 2009).Global oil companies would need to adapt their strategy and start investing in renewable energy resources. EP companies face the threat of a drop in demand for oil and gas, over the coming decades.-1 Environmental Increased exploratory activities and global warming has facilitated oil discovery in previously unexploited territories (Reuters, 2009).Foreign oil companies, investing in new technology and territories like Greenland and India, are in a better position to reap these benefits (Energy Digital, 2009).+2 EP activities result in carbon emissions that pose a serious threat to environmental sustainability.EP companies face embargoes from national governments and international bodies that limit the level of their exploratory activities and the level at which they can expand their activities. They are also subject to extra taxation costs from national governments due to environmental pollution (Herald Scotland, 2009)-2 Legal Oil producing countries in which foreign oil companies operate impose legal limitations and embargoes on their activities, and also limit their business flexibilities.The limitations and embargoes imposed greatly limit the growth potential of exploration and production companies operating globally (Economic Times, 2009).-2 Policy uncertainties and government breach of contract are increasingly becoming popular in some developing countries where foreign oil companies are seeking to build and develop their assets such as India and Bangladesh.EP companies operating in these markets, such as Reliance Industries and Cairn Energy in India, need to engage in legal battles with the government in order to get contractual obligations fulfilled (Economic Times, 2009).-2 SUCCESS AND SURVIVAL FACTORS IN THE EP INDUSTRY The overall threat to the exploration and production industry, as a whole, is huge globally. Therefore any company in the industry seeking to gain competitive advantage against competitors, and survive in times of hardship – which may be caused by a drastic drop in oil prices, or severe terrorist activities – must adhere to these success and survival factors. KEY FACTORS FOR SUCCESS Government support through international trade agreements, tax incentives, beneficial fiscal policies, and suitable bidding processes are very essential for foreign oil companies seeking to explore and produce oil (Datamonitor, 2009). These benefits give these companies the impetus to explore for oil in recently unexplored territory, and increase the likelihood of an oil and gas find. EP projects are usually very capital intensive; therefore oil and gas companies need to have access to funds in order to partake in such expenditure (The New Nation, 2009). These funds usually range from a few millions to a couple of billion dollars, therefore access and availability is thoroughly essential for bidding, drilling, production or even transportation activities. Strategic alliances between oil and gas companies are essential globally as it enables them to transfer assets and leverage resources amongst different projects, so as to capitalize on a broader geographical location and resource base (Hoovers, 2009b). The competitive rivalry in the EP industry is therefore minimal by the need for these strategic alliances, enabling competing companies to hedge and share risks. Successful oil discoveries are however the main determinants of success for EP companies (Datamonitor, 2009). Non-oil bearing blocks are highly unprofitable for exploration companies. India and Greenland, where Cairn currently has the majority of its assets are poised to be largely promising countries, as major oil discoveries and production have already been reported. Greenland is also stated to contain 20% of the world’s oil reserves thereby making it a very profitable investment for Cairn and other indigenous oil companies, if that assumption holds true. The global forces of demand and supply determine oil prices, therefore oil prices move in accordance to global need. Higher oil prices, such as was in 2008, was very beneficial for oil companies as it significantly increases their profit margins and leads to increased exploratory activities (Wall Street Journal, 2009). The Availability of buyers is essential for EP companies seeking to produce oil in large quantities and sell at a profitable price. Sometimes the government determines the buyers who an EP company can sell to, such as is in India, and this reduces their chances for competitive bargaining. Exploratory licenses are wholly dependent on EP companies successfully bidding for leasing agreements (Bindemann, 1999). Inability to win leasing contracts would incapacitate the growth potential of the industry. Profitability of EP activities is dependent on the success rate of new oil wells drilled and the ability to increase production from existing wells. Capital availability and investment decisions are based on estimates on future oil prices (Hoovers, 2009). Large oil manufacturers usually hedge against risk of exploration failures by investment in several oil producing states with large oil reserves, so a depletion of one reserve does not seriously impact on the company’s general business (Hoovers, 2009b). SURVIVAL FACTORS Continuous availability of oil and gas resources in the natural reserves of the country being explored. The availability and access to large capital, though also a success factor, is a survival factor. EP companies that are unable to form strategic alliances or gain access to large funds would be incapacitated during large capital-intensive projects that could boost their fortunes. They also need capital in order to gain exploration licenses from the government, before they could even begin producing or shipping oil or gas. Lack of detrimental geopolitical factors such as terrorist activities that specifically target oil and gas installations in their vicinities. An example would be of exploration companies that are usually being subject to local terrorist activities in Nigeria, Iraq and Bangladesh. High oil prices in global markets, which would ensure that exploration and production companies, investing a huge amount of capital in their businesses, would be able to break even as the oil prices in international markets determines the profit they make as businesses. Prolonged global dependence on oil and gas products would ensure that demand for these products are still high. A divergence towards renewable energy source such as solar, wind and biological energy would reduce global dependence on non-renewable petroleum products, thereby stalling demand for such products in coming decades. Adopting technologies that would make exploration and production processes more environmentally efficient would go a long way in appeasing international bodies who are bent upon imposing several climate related levies and taxies on the EP industry. These taxes and levies would severely impact profits and growth potential into new markets such as Greenland, which is bent on preserving its ecosystem. REFERENCES ABC News (2008) Greenland the focus of global oil hunt, www.abc.net.au, (date accessed 07/10/2009) Bindemann, K. (1999) Production-Sharing Agreements: An Economic Analysis. Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. WPM 25 Cairn Financial Report (2009), Half-Yearly Report 2009, www.cairnenergy.com/investors, (accessed 08/10/2009) Cairn (2009) Cairn: About Us, www.cairnenergy.com/aboutus, (accessed: 06/10/2009) Chicago Tribune (2009) Cheap oil, but at what cost www.chicagotribune.com/features, (date accessed 06/10/2009) Datamonitor (2009) Oil Gas Exploration Production Industry Profile: Global, www.esbscohost.net, (accessed 08/10/2009) Economic Times (2009) India’s Oil and Gas story – The turning point, www.blogs.economictimes.com, (date accessed 07/10/2009) EnergyDigital (2008a) Cairn Energy to lead commercial oil production inGreenland. www.energydigital.com, (date accessed 8/10/2009) EnergyDigital (2008b) Chevron and Cairn sign with Bangladesh. www.energydigital.com, (date accessed 8/10/2009) Herald Scotland (2009) Profitable oil deal by Cairn subsidiary boost shares,www.heraldscotland.com, (date accessed 08/10/2009) Hindustan Times (2009) – Deora to review safety of Oil and Gas sites, www.hindustantimes.com, (accessed 09/10/2009) Hoovers (2009a) Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Industry, www.hoovers.com, (date accessed: 06/10/2009) Hoovers (2009b) – Cairn Energy Plc, www.hoovers.com (date accessed 06/10/2009) Marketwatch (2009) Cairn Energy swings to loss after charge, MarketWatch:Energy, Oct2009, Vol. 8 Issue 10, p10-11, 2p Proactive Investors UK (2009) Crude Oil Rebounds, Dragon Oil, Petrofac andCairn respond. www.proactiveinvestors.co.uk, (date accessed 08/10/2009) Reuters (2009) India expects joint foreign/local energy bids. www.in.reuters.com, (date accessed: 7/10/2009) Rigzone (2009) Tough time for India Licensing Round, www.rigzone.com,(accessed 09/10/2009) Saic (2009) Exploration Production. www.saic.com/energy. (date accessed:08/10/2009) Wall Street Journal (2009) Lower costs give oil firms breathing room, www.online.wsj.com, (date accessed 07/10/2009) How to cite Cairn Energy Strategic Analysis, Essay examples

Cultural Differences and Conflicts in Tourism a Case Study of Dubai Essay Sample free essay sample

Culture determines human behavior and shows differences on how people do things and receive universe. Peoples are non consciously cognizant of their civilization before they come across foreign civilization. Foreign civilization set state of affairss where people feel uncomfortable which helps them to understand cultural differences. Elementss bring forthing cultural differences are such as linguistic communication. faith and economic sciences ( Reisinger A ; Turner. 2003 ) . Two societies and their civilizations are brought together by touristry which is called guest-host relationship. Three types of brushs are identified between host and invitee: tourer buying goods or services from host. being side by side for illustration on the beach and being face-to-face in order to alter information or thoughts. The greater the differences between economic. cultural and societal factors are between tourers and local people. the more likely the relationship will be more unequal and less balanced. Trouble in relationship between host and invitee is normally arisen from the deficiency of cognition. We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural Differences and Conflicts in Tourism: a Case Study of Dubai Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page apprehension or sensitiveness from tourists’ side to local civilization and imposts ( Sharpley. 1999 ) . Conflicts between civilizations happen at the interpersonal and structural degree even when tourers are hedonic Sun searcher in their environmental bubble. Conflicts are created from cultural differences that lead to differences in interactive behaviors and misinterpretations in reading ( Reisinger A ; Turner. 2003 ) . Tourists bring their ain imposts and wonts to the finish and seldom are cognizant of the cultural daze they cause for the locals. Particularly in poorer states the image of Western tourers can be based on unreal tv-shows which cause outlooks to be excessively high and consequence to resentment ( Dluzewska. 2008 ) As there are different civilizations the outlooks and significances of regulations besides differ across civilizations. Rules that are accepted in one civilization may non be in another civilization. This can do to misinterpretations and misinterpreting of the regulations in other civilization. This frequently leads to troubles in interaction with hosts. create confusion. bring forth tenseness and struggles. Interrupting the regulations in the finish is common amongst tourers either because they ignore them or they are incognizant of them ( Reisinger A ; Turner. 2003: 139 ) . Case survey of Dubai Cultural struggles are likely to go on in Country like United Arab Emirates because of the Western tourers and Muslim hosts have such noticeable cultural differences. Many Muslim states feel that Westernised tourers are acting intolerably and incompatible with Islamic faith and manner of life. Legislation in the finish can differ tremendously from tourists’ ain state and this cause conflicts because of tourists’ unknowingness or ignorance. Dubai is Muslim state and it follows Islamic Torahs. As Islam is the official faith it is out to knock or administer any stuff against the faith. It is out to rehearse any signifier of other faith besides Islam in public countries. During the holy month of Ramadan it is out to eat public from dawn to sunset. so dining must be done in hotel. Besides knocking any of the seven emirates’ governing households is prohibited. In Dubai you can acquire sentence of imprisonment from homosexualism. personal businesss outside matrimony. poisoning and caressing in public topographic points. Besides public dance is out and there are rigorous ordinances about dressing in different topographic points. Abusive linguistic communication and indecorous dressing can take into problems with the governments. Alcohol can be used merely in definite countries so except these countries it is out to be intoxicated. Besides travelers who make way station are expected to obey these Torahs. Serious misconduct can take to be convicted to decease punishment. Dluzewska’s research shows that there are differences on the degree of cognition that travelers have about the cultural norms in Dubai. The highest degree of cognition was amongst USA and the biggest going states from Europe such as United Kingdom. Germany and France. Some interviewees in this survey did non believe some mentioned regulations and were under the feeling that if they would make something inappropriate so people would indicate out their error before acquiring into problem. The cognition is non merely based on nationality but for illustration the type of vacation seemed to hold large influence. Mass tourers normally were ill educated and were non cognizant of the societal norms due to this they besides caused more disfunctions. whereas backpackers and sole tourers had higher degree of cognition and caused less disfunction ( Dluzewska. 2008 ) . Shoping promenades have postings to advice to the appropriate behavior. In Abu Dhabi constabulary has started to give local decency guidelines to tourers. These sorts of actions could diminish tourists’ deficiency of cognition.